Art + #rstats

# Art + #rstats
### Sharla Gelfand
### Toronto Data Workshop

---

# 👋

## [@sharlagelfand](https://twitter.com/sharlagelfand)

## [bit.ly/artstats](https://bit.ly/artstats)

---

# why aRt?

---
background-image: url("brain.jpg")

---
background-image: url("brain-no.jpg")

---
class: center, middle

### You can do both

### Digital art is fast, iterative, surprising

### Less "I suck at this" beginner hurdles

### Less startup cost

### I ❤️ R

---
class: inverse, middle, center

# Pixel Art

### A form of digital art where images are edited at the pixel level. 
### Think 8-bit video games aesthetics.

---
class: middle

.left-lil[
<img src="art/katie-segreti-ghost.jpg" width="667" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

[Katie Segretti](https://twitter.com/katiesegreti) (via [@WeAreRLadies](https://twitter.com/WeAreRLadies/status/1291359584179957762))
]

.right-big[
<img src="art/coolbutuseless-arcade.png" width="1792" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

[@coolbutuseless](https://coolbutuseless.github.io/2020/05/04/introducing-arcadefont-an-oldschool-arcade-vector-font-happy-star-wars-day/)
]

---

```r
library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)

smile <- expand.grid(x = 1:8, y = 1:8) %>%
  filter(!(x %in% c(1, max(x)) & y %in% c(1, max(y)))) %>%
  filter(!(x %in% c(2, max(x) - 1) & y %in% c(1, max(y)))) %>%
  filter(!(x %in% c(1, max(x)) & y %in% c(2, max(y) - 1)))

ggplot() +
  geom_tile(
    data = smile, aes(x = x, y = y), width = 1, height = 1,
    size = 1, fill = "yellow", colour = "black"
  ) +
  coord_equal() +
  theme_void()
```
]

.right-thirtyfive[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/smile-1-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

```r
library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)

*eyes <- data.frame(x = c(3, 6), y = c(6, 6))

ggplot() +
  geom_tile(
    data = smile, aes(x = x, y = y), width = 1, height = 1,
    size = 1, fill = "yellow", colour = "black"
  ) +
* geom_tile(
*   data = eyes, aes(x = x, y = y), width = 1, height = 1,
*   fill = "black", colour = "black"
* ) +
  coord_equal() +
  theme_void()
```
]

.right-thirtyfive[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/smile-2-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]
---

```r
library(ggplot2)
library(dplyr)

eyes <- data.frame(x = c(3, 6), y = c(6, 6))

*mouth <- data.frame(x = 3:6, y = c(3, 2, 2, 3))

ggplot() +
  geom_tile(
    data = smile, aes(x = x, y = y), width = 1, height = 1,
    size = 1, fill = "yellow", colour = "black"
  ) +
  geom_tile(
    data = eyes, aes(x = x, y = y), width = 1, height = 1,
    fill = "black", colour = "black"
  ) +
* geom_tile(
*   data = mouth, aes(x = x, y = y), width = 1, height = 1,
*   fill = "black", colour = "black"
* ) +
  coord_equal() +
  theme_void()
```

<img src="index_files/figure-html/smile-3-1.png" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

.right-thirtyfive[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/smile-3-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]
---
class: center, inverse, middle

# Rendering

### Recreating an image (realistic or not) from a 2D or 3D model, via a computer program.

---
class: middle

[Sharla Gelfand](https://github.com/sharlagelfand/ggkeyboard)

---
class: middle

[Sarah L. Fossheim (CSS)](https://twitter.com/liatrisbian/status/1287475889089982469)

---
class: middle

.pull-left[
<img src="art/tyler-morgan-wall-elmat.png" width="922" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

.pull-right[
<img src="art/tyler-morgan-wall-ggplot-glass.png" width="922" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

[Tyler Morgan-Wall](https://www.tylermw.com/)
---

```r
library(rayrender)

generate_ground(
  material = diffuse(color = "#dd99ba")
  ) %>%
  render_scene()
```

]

.right-lillish[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/rayrender-1-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

## [`rayrender` package](https://www.rayrender.net/)
]

---

```r
library(rayrender)

generate_ground(
  material = diffuse(color = "#dd99ba")
  ) %>%
* add_object(sphere(
*   material = diffuse(color = "#99badd")
* )) %>%
  render_scene()
```

]

.right-lillish[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/rayrender-2-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

## [`rayrender` package](https://www.rayrender.net/)
]

---

```r
library(rayrender)

generate_ground(
  material = diffuse(color = "#dd99ba")
  ) %>%
  add_object(sphere(
    material = diffuse(color = "#99badd")
  )) %>%
* add_object(sphere(
*   x = 2, radius = 0.5,
*   material = dielectric(color = "#badd99")
* )) %>%
  render_scene(
  )
```

]

.right-lillish[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/rayrender-3-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

## [`rayrender` package](https://www.rayrender.net/)
]

---

```r
library(rayrender)

]

.right-lillish[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/rayrender-4-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

## [`rayrender` package](https://www.rayrender.net/)
]
---

```r
library(rayrender)

generate_ground(
  material = diffuse(color = "#dd99ba")
  ) %>%
  add_object(sphere(
    material = diffuse(color = "#99badd")
  )) %>%
  add_object(sphere(
    x = 2, radius = 0.5,
    material = dielectric(color = "#badd99")
  )) %>%
* add_object(cube(
*   x = -2, z = -1, width = 1,
*   material = metal(color = "#99ddba")
* )) %>%
  render_scene(
    fov = 40
  )
```

]

.right-lillish[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/rayrender-5-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

## [`rayrender` package](https://www.rayrender.net/)
]

---

```r
library(rayrender)

generate_ground(
  material = diffuse(color = "#dd99ba")
  ) %>%
  add_object(sphere(
    material = diffuse(color = "#99badd")
  )) %>%
  add_object(sphere(
    x = 2, radius = 0.5,
    material = dielectric(color = "#badd99")
  )) %>%
  add_object(cube(
    x = -2, z = -1, width = 1,
    material = metal(color = "#99ddba")
  )) %>%
* add_object(pig(
*   y = 1, z = 1,
*   scale = 0.4, angle = c(0, -60, 0)
* )) %>%
  render_scene(
    fov = 40
  )
```

]

.right-lillish[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/rayrender-6-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

## [`rayrender` package](https://www.rayrender.net/)
]

---

```r
library(rayrender)

generate_ground(
  material = diffuse(color = "#dd99ba")
  ) %>%
  add_object(sphere(
    material = diffuse(color = "#99badd")
  )) %>%
  add_object(sphere(
    x = 2, radius = 0.5,
    material = dielectric(color = "#badd99")
  )) %>%
  add_object(cube(
    x = -2, z = -1, width = 1,
    material = metal(color = "#99ddba")
  )) %>%
  add_object(pig(
    y = 1, z = 1,
    scale = 0.4, angle = c(0, -60, 0)
  )) %>%
  render_scene(
    fov = 40,
*   lookfrom = c(-1, 4, 0)
  )
```

]

.right-lillish[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/rayrender-7-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

## [`rayrender` package](https://www.rayrender.net/)
]

---
class: inverse, middle, center

# Generative art

### "Generative art is art programmed using a computer that intentionally introduces randomness as part of its creation process." 
### - [Why Love Generative Art?](https://www.artnome.com/news/2018/8/8/why-love-generative-art)

---
class: middle

.pull-left[
<img src="art/danielle-navarro-lost.png" width="100%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />

[Danielle Navarro](https://art.djnavarro.net)
]

.pull-right[
<img src="art/danielle-navarro-pop-art.png" width="1333" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

# Generative art

The environment is constrained, but decisions are made randomly, rather than by the artist.

```r
library(ggplot2)
library(ggforce)

n <- 5

ggplot() +
  geom_circle(aes(
    x0 = rnorm(n),
    y0 = rnorm(n),
    r = runif(n)
  )) +
  theme_void()
```
]

.pull-right[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/circle-1-1.png" width="80%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

# Generative art

Additional complexity doesn't mean additional time or effort.

```r
library(ggplot2)
library(ggforce)

*n <- 100

ggplot() +
  geom_circle(aes(
    x0 = rnorm(n),
    y0 = rnorm(n),
    r = runif(n)
  )) +
  theme_void()
```
]

.pull-right[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/circle-2-1.png" width="80%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

# [`generativeart`](https://github.com/cutterkom/generativeart) package

```r
library(generativeart)

formula <- list(
  x = quote(rnorm(5) * x_i - cos(y_i^2)),
  y = quote(rnorm(5) * y_i^2 + sin(x_i))
)

generate_img(
  formula = formula,
  polar = FALSE,
  nr_of_img = 1
)
```
]

.right-lillish[
<img src="img/everything/2020-08-05-19-13_seed_8300.png" width="2400" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

# [`generativeart`](https://github.com/cutterkom/generativeart) package

```r
library(generativeart)

formula <- list(
  x = quote(rnorm(5) * x_i - cos(y_i^2)),
  y = quote(rnorm(5) * y_i^2 + sin(x_i))
)

generate_img(
  formula = formula,
* polar = TRUE,
* nr_of_img = 2
)
```

Seed: 2917
]

.right-lillish[
<img src="img/everything/2020-08-05-19-15_seed_2917.png" width="2400" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

# [`generativeart`](https://github.com/cutterkom/generativeart) package

```r
library(generativeart)

formula <- list(
  x = quote(rnorm(5) * x_i - cos(y_i^2)),
  y = quote(rnorm(5) * y_i^2 + sin(x_i))
)

generate_img(
  formula = formula,
* polar = TRUE,
* nr_of_img = 2
)
```

Seed: 3553
]

.right-lillish[
<img src="img/everything/2020-08-05-19-15_seed_3553.png" width="2400" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

# [`generativeart`](https://github.com/cutterkom/generativeart) package

```r
library(generativeart)

formula <- list(
* x = quote(runif(5) * x_i - cos(y_i^2)),
  y = quote(rnorm(5) * y_i^2 + sin(x_i))
)

generate_img(
  formula = formula,
  polar = TRUE,
  nr_of_img = 1, 
* color = "red"
)
```
]
.right-lillish[
<img src="img/everything/2020-08-05-19-24_seed_1351.png" width="2400" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

# [`flametree` package](https://github.com/djnavarro/flametree/)

```r
library(flametree)

flametree_grow(
  seed = 1234,
  time = 1,
  split = 2
) %>%
  flametree_plot()
```
]

.right-lillish[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/flametree-1-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---
# [`flametree` package](https://github.com/djnavarro/flametree/)
  
.left-biggish[

```r
library(flametree)

flametree_grow(
  seed = 1234,
* time = 2,
  split = 2
) %>%
  flametree_plot()
```
  ]

.right-lillish[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/flametree-2-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---
# [`flametree` package](https://github.com/djnavarro/flametree/)
  
.left-biggish[

```r
library(flametree)

flametree_grow(
  seed = 1234,
  time = 2,
* split = 4
) %>%
  flametree_plot()
```
  ]

.right-lillish[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/flametree-3-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---
# [`flametree` package](https://github.com/djnavarro/flametree/)
  
.left-biggish[

```r
library(flametree)

flametree_grow(
  seed = 1234,
* time = 5,
  split = 4 
) %>%
  flametree_plot(
*   background = "pink",
*   palette = "ggthemes::Classic Red-Green Light"
)
```
  ]

.right-lillish[
<img src="index_files/figure-html/flametree-4-1.png" width="672" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

---

.left-big[
<img src="art/thomas-lin-pedersen.png" width="100%" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]

.right-lil[
<center><h4><br><br><br><br>
"For me, the sweet spot of generative art lies in creating a system that you know well enough to set it up for success, but is so complex that you still get surprised when you see the result."
</h4>
</center>
]

[Thomas Lin Pedersen](https://www.data-imaginist.com/art)

---
class: middle, center

# And more!

---

[Cédric Scherer](https://twitter.com/CedScherer/status/1281475431707877377)

---

[Ryan Timpe](https://twitter.com/ryantimpe/status/1280241868123627521)

---

[Allison Horst](https://github.com/allisonhorst/stats-illustrations)

---

[Allison Horst](https://github.com/allisonhorst/stats-illustrations)

---

[@sharlagelfand](https://twitter.com/sharlagelfand)

[bit.ly/artstats](https://bit.ly/artstats)

## more links:

[`rayshader`: Create Maps and Visualize Data in 2D and 3D](https://www.rayshader.com/)

[`ambient`: A Generator of Multidimensional Noise](https://ambient.data-imaginist.com)

[12 Months of aRt (Will Chase)](https://www.williamrchase.com/work/art/)

[Fronkonstin (Antonio Sánchez Chinchón)](https://fronkonstin.com/)

[Experiments in Generative Art with RStats (Sanjeev Kumar)](https://www.aamlai.com/2020/05/27/experiments-in-generative-art-with-rstats/)
]

.right-thirtyfive[
<img src="is-this-art.png" width="1440" style="display: block; margin: auto;" />
]